Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mpneu) is a common cause of upper respiratory tract infections with fever, cough, malaise, and headache. The bacterium lacks a peptidoglycan cell wall and can therefore not be detected by gram staining. Pneumonia develops in 5-10% of infections cases, other rare extrapulmonary syndromes, including cardiologic, neurologic, and dermatologic findings have been noted. Transmission is by person-to person contact via respiratory secretions.